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Figure 1.1 The planning and evaluation cycle
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Figure 1.2 Health promotion actions and outcomes
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Figure 1.3 Theoretical distribution over time of outcomes from health promotion interventions
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Figure 2.1 Building evidence for public health programs: stages of research and evaluation
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Figure 3.1 Stages showing formative, process and impact/outcome evaluations
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Figure 4.1 Advanced statistical modelling in process evaluation: understanding how interventions work through mediator and moderator analyses
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Figure 5.1 The evaluation process
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Figure 5.2 Quantitative evaluation designs for individual programs (stage 3 of Figure 2.1), ranked from ‘most scientific’ experimental designs to less scientific ‘pre-experimental’ designs
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Figure 5.3 Reliability (reproducibility) and responsiveness of measurement
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Figure 6.1 Comprehensiveness of programs for evaluation
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Figure 6.2 Complexity at multiple levels in a comprehensive health promotion program
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Figure 7.1 Stages of public health program evaluation with a focus on scale-up and implementation
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Figure 7.2 Researcher and policymaker roles in replication and scale-up (dissemination)
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Figure 8.1 Examples of specialised evaluation designs commonly used in natural experiments
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Figure 9.1 Variation in the use of evidence in health promotion: planned, responsive and reactive practice (adapted from Nutbeam 1996)