Editors

Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli, PhD, is the Associate Dean, Learning and Teaching and Academic Lead for Assessment and Evaluation at the College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia. She is also Co-Lead on the National Australian Collaboration for Clinical Assessment in Medicine (ACCLAiM). Her current medical education research interests include evaluation of learning and teaching, faculty development, examiner decision-making processes and quality assurance of assessment processes. She teaches into the undergraduate and postgraduate medical programs and leads the strategic development of program impact evaluation within the college. She facilitates and leads local, national, and international Item Writing and Assessment Workshops. She has more than 120 research publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and supervises research students from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Richard B. Hays, PhD, MD, began his career in rural medicine, where his passion for medical education began with questions about how best to train and measure the performance of medical practitioners in underserved areas. He often works at the interface between education and clinical practice and has been involved in the development of several new or revised medical programs. He believes strongly that the most important part of curriculum development is optimizing assessment settings for and of learning. He has been a part of external QA processes in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Switzerland, China, Hong Kong, and North America.

Cees P.M. van der Vleuten, PhD, has been at the University of Maastricht in The Netherlands since 1982. In 1996 he was appointed Professor of Education and Chair of the Department of Educational Development and Research in the Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences (until 2014). Since 2005, he has been the Scientific Director of the School of Health Professions Education (until 2020). He mentors many researchers in medical education and has supervised more than 90 doctoral graduate students. His primary expertise lies in evaluation and assessment. He has published widely in this domain and holds numerous academic awards, including several career awards. In 2005, he received the John P. Hubbard Award for significant contribution to research and development of assessment of medical competence from the National Board of Medical Examiners in the United States. In 2010, he received a Dutch royal decoration for the societal impact of his work and in 2012 the Karolinska Prize for Research in Medical Education. He serves frequently as a consultant internationally. He holds honorary academic appointments in the School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia; the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America; and the University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.